Medications can be lifesaving, but they can also increase the risk of falls. Many drugs may cause blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, impaired alertness or judgment, poor balance, and weakened muscles.
Sometimes, the issue isn’t just a single medication, but the total number of drugs being taken. Polypharmacy—taking multiple medications—can heighten the severity and frequency of side effects for people of all ages, with older adults being particularly vulnerable due to changes in how their bodies process medications over time.
The following types of medications are known to increase fall risk:
• Antidepressants
• Anti-anxiety medications
• Anticholinergic/antispasmodic drugs
• Antihistamines
• Blood pressure medications
• Diabetes medications
• Heart medications
• Pain medications
• Sleep aids
While some medications are more likely to contribute to falls, many are essential for managing health conditions.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine examined medication use among over 168,000 Medicare beneficiaries in the months surrounding hip, shoulder, or wrist fractures.1 The findings revealed that three-quarters of participants were taking at least one drug known to increase fall risk or decrease bone density prior to their fractures.
To minimize the risk of falls, it’s essential to discuss your medications with your doctor to help ensure your treatment plan remains safe and effective.
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